Improvement in the manufacture of artificial stone



. provided it be tolerably free from earthy maf- UNITED STATES THOMAS P. HALL, OF PORTSMOUTH, ASSIGNOR TO \VILLIAM BULL, OF

- SOUTHSEA,

June 10, 1878; patented in To allwhom itmay omwem:

Be it known that I, Taomas Paason HALL, of Portsmouth, in the county of Hants, England, inspector of public works, have invented certain new. and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Stone for pavin g, building, and other purposes, which improvements are fully set forth in the following specification.

According to my invention I cast slabs, paving quarries or tiles, landings, steps, sills, arch-stones, coping-caps, sewer-blocks, curbin g, channeling-troughs, and any other articles for which stone can beemployed; and for this purpose I use the best Portland cement or it may be other good h draulic cement or lime) groimgLto an extrem' ely' Hn""'e 31W "'com. 1-.

natiordi witlli more or less (according tol the require qua ity) o sharp sand broken c inkers stone flints shin 1e ravel or other Bail materials, such as luruace-s a These'materials are incorporafalwith 'ilie slaked cement -in the usual and generally well-understood manner. To this I add the following preparation to form an outer coating, or to be incorporated therewith, viz: Wm other good h draulic cemen or irue 18 mixed either wron ter. The iron or steel or oxide of iron is disintegrated into very small particles and thoroughly incorporated with the cement. The mixture is then slightly but thoroughly wetted 1 and laced in the mold before any of the cemen is set. 1T rsTlie'n, while still in the mold,suhmitted to at ressnre by hydraulic or other means,ai'i%' "l ergo'ing this processthe material is consolidated into one very dense mass, much less porous than ordinary cement.

Aiter the material has been removed from the mold and exposed for some time to the air.-

it is immersed in a bath of dilute sul huric FE a"pori1on oi Ii e iron and acid w 10 l J 'l'lfipreg nates the body of the material with the solution, filling its pores with insoluble sul- IMPROVEMENT lN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 213,107, dated March 11, 1879; application filed PATENT. OFFICE.

ENGLAND.

England, October 25, 1876.

In constructing sea-walls, docks, barn, or other floors, platforms, piers, wharves, or any 1 other walls or pavements which do not require to be frequently removed, I either lay the slabs of artificial stone prepared as above described, and joint them with a mixture of hydraulic. cement or lime and finelyrdisintegrated iron or oxide of iron, and then wash the joints with dilute sulphuric acid, thus produc in g a uniform surface throughout, or I cove the wall, floor, or platform with the mixture of cement or lime and iron or steel or oxide of iron in the wet or damp state, and when the i cement has partially hardened I wash th whole with dilute sulphuric acid, thus covering the entire surface with a perfectly homo, -geneouastone entirely free-from joints.

The introduction of finely-disintegrated iron? in .the metallic form has the advantage of pre-g venting the slipperiness so often complained of in most paving materials, especially when wetted, while it does not sensibly roughen the surface. Artificial stone produced according to this invention is known as-ferrnmite.

I am aware that sulphuric acid and metallic salts have been used for the purpose of coloring stones made by other methods.

I am also aware that fine particles of iron or steel have been combined with sand, gravel,

or cement.

-I claim asmy invention- 4 The method herein specified of manufacturin g artificial stone, consisting in mixing particles of iron with sand and cement or similar material and molding the saine to shape, and then immersing the block in dilute sulphuric ?cid, substantially as and for the purposes set ort Signed by me this 24th day of May, 1878.

Wu. 1. Fooan,

MAI. AAPJSLV h phates, and rendering it harder and more dnrable thanany natural stone.

18 St. Paul; 'Sqaare, Somme, gentleman. 

